Measuring knee range of motion is important in examination and as a. At each position for the first measurement of each knee the distance between the centre of the greater trochanter and the centre of the lateral malleolus was taken, so this could be reproduced for the second measurement of the same knee to ensure the same angle was being assessed for intraobserver reliability. Pdf reliability and concurrent validity of knee angle measurement. A reliable and accurate system of joint position sense measurement. The universal goniometer and the smartphone goniometric application were reliable in repeated measures of knee flexion angles average concordance. Copyright all rights are reserved by james mckivigan 10. Clinical measurement of range of motion physical therapy. The purposes of this study were to assess 1 the intertester reliability of goniometric measurements at the knee and 2 the validity of the clinical measurement.
Validity and reliability of goniometer reliability varies depending on the joint being measured. Intra and intertester reliability and criterion validity. Research article open access validity and testretest. Pdf clinical measurement of range of motion is a fundamental evaluation procedure with ubiquitous application in physical therapy.
Drgoniometer is the first app validated for imagebased goniometry. Intra and intertester reliability and criterion validity of the. Subjects were evaluated in knee flexion and knee extension. Reliability of goniometric measurements and visual. So that this tool can be used to measure the joint position sense. Reliability and validity of a weightbearing measure of ankle dorsi. Reliability is the degree to which a measurement yields the same results when taken on at least two different occasions or by a minimum of two different examiners. A reliability study was conducted to determine a the intrarater and interrater reliability of goniometric measurement of active and passive wrist motions under clinical conditions and b the effect of a therapists specialization on the reliability of measurement.
Validity and testretest reliability of manual goniometers. Reliability and validity of isometric knee flexion and extension measurement using three methods of. Clinical measurement of range of motion is a fundamental evaluation procedure with ubiquitous application in physical therapy. Review of goniometry emphasizing reliability and validity. Validity is the degree to which a useful meaningful interpretation can be inferred from a measurement.
The concurrent validity and reliability of the leg motion. Other types of goniometer use for joint range of motion measurement the telescopicarmed goniometer and some smart phone applications. Reliability of knee joint range of motion and circumference measurements after total knee arthroplasty. A range of smartphone goniometer apps are available for other joints however the knee was chosen for this study as knee rom is commonly measured in clinical practice, and has been most commonly used to examine reliability and validity of goniometric tools. Reliability and validity of isometric knee flexion and. Higher reliability has been found for measurements of joint position compared to range of motion. Rabiya noor, gholamreza olyaei, mohammad reza hadian, saeed talebian, muhammad salman bashir school of rehabilitation, brain and spinal injury research center, tehran university of medical sciencesinternational. Validity and reliability of goniometric mobile apps page 2 of 10 using a ug as the gold standard for the comparison. Validity and reliability of 2 goniometric mobile apps.
A digital photographic technique for knee range of. Ten healthy subjects were selected with an age group of 20 to 25. Validity and reliability of goniometric measurement. A goniometer is an instrument that either measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. Results there were no significant differences between the rom measurements among the three. Jones et al15 measured knee flexion using the simple goniometer app and a ug. The purpose of this study was to study the reliability of goniometric measurements and visual estimates of hip rom in patients with osteoarthrosis. Reliability and validity of a weightbearing measure of. The term goniometry derives from two greek words, gonia, meaning angle, and metron, meaning measure the first known description of a goniometer, based on the astrolabe, was by gemma frisius in 1538. In another recent study that compared the results for the measurement of knee joint flexion angle using electro goniometer and universal goniometer, the icc for electro goniometer. Repeatability of goniometer measurements of the knee in. They found maximal errors of the goniometric measurements of 10. Visual estimation is the estimate of knee angle without any measuring devices, a shortarm goniometer is a goniometer of 30 cm length in total with a central articulation with measurements in degrees, a longarm goniometer with 50 cm arms and central articulation and measurement, a smartphone app which measured an angle between two screen presses and the halo digital goniometer. Pdf reliability and validity of goniometric measurements.
Reliability and validity of a goniometer smartphone app. Mean values and standard deviations were as follows. Pdf reliability and validity of shadow goniometer for measuring. Reliability of goniometric measurements of flexion in. Reliability and validity of goniometric measurements at the knee prem p. A new device for assessing ankle dorsiflexion motion. This is a validity and reliability study of the getmyrom smartphone application compared with a universal goniometer.
The sads does not require the use of a wall, tape measure, or goniometer, which were necessary for measurement in other studies. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of multiple goniometer apps on both apple and android devices compared to electronic goniometer measurements and identify the best performing apps to justify use of these apps in clinical settings in place of traditional measurement tools. Validity and reliability of elbow range of motion measurements using digital photographs, movies, and a. Using a goniometer, if range of motion measurements fail to match known pathology, please spine examination author. Establishing the minimum difference between methods is essential to monitor change. Icc uses variance between subjects rom measurements to calculate reliability, a large variation between subjects. Reliability and validity of measurement of infrasternal angle by radiographic methods 35 vol. A reliable and accurate system of joint position sense. Reliability of a smartphonebased goniometer for knee joint. Subjects the knees 151 of 92 tka patients were the subjects of this study. Intratester reliability is found to be higher than intertester reliability advantages good reliability and validity.
Stated in another way, the validity of a measurement refers to how well the measurement represents the true value of the variable of interest. The concurrent validity and reliability of the leg motion system for measuring ankle dorsiflexion range of motion in. Purpose to compare the reliability of goniometric measurements of knee flexion obtained in three different body positions of patients with total knee arthroplasty tka. The purpose of goniometry is to measure the angle created at a joint by the adjacent bones of the body. Hip rom measurements abduction, adduction, extension, flexion and internalexternal rotation were recorded by four different teams on the same day and were repeated one week later. The shadow goniometer found to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring knee flexion range of motion. Repeatability of goniometer measurements of the knee in patients wearing an ilizarov external fixator. The subjects were positioned on their right side on a roentgenographic table with their left lower. Pdf reliability and validity of goniometric measurements at the knee.
The universal goniometer is a simple measuring tool. Universal goniometer and electrogoniometer intraexaminer. Pdf reliability and validity of shadow goniometer for. Documents similar to using a goniometer effectively. Reliability and validity of goniometric measurements at. Reliability and validity of shadow goniometer for measuring range of motion in knee joint. The reliability of goniometric measurements of active and. Knee angles can be measured by traditional goniometers, smartphone apps are readily available and there are also purpose made digital devices. Reliability of the active knee extension and straightlegraise tests in subjects with flexibility deficits. The parallelogram goniometer was found to have greater validity when measuring the large angles of knee flexion r0. Our study also revealed that it is preferable to use goniometry rather than visual estimations when measuring arom. The digital inclinometer was the most accurate method of knee angle measurement, followed by the long arm goniometer. The purposes of this study were to assess the intertester reliability of goniometric measurements at the knee and the validity of the clinical measurements by comparing them to measurements taken from roentgenograms.
The high cost and the seldom availability of isokinetic moving devices and electro goniometer devices in indian market gives less opportunity to do research as well as accurately measure the proprioception of joints. Reliability and validity of goniometric measurements at the knee. Intratester and intertester reliability and criterion. The purposes of this study were to assess the intertester reliability of goniometric measurements at the knee and the validity of the clinical measurements by.
Measuring knee range of motion is important in examination and as a postoperative outcome. Similar results of reliability and validity were obtained with the universal goniometer. The physicians and physical therapists were blind to the. The purposes of this study were to assess 1 the intertester reliability of goniometric measurements at the knee and 2 the validity of the clinical measurements by comparing them to measurements taken from roentgenograms. Reliability and validity of shadow goniometer for measuring range of motion in knee joint article pdf available june 2015 with 644 reads how we measure reads. Reliability of goniometric measurements request pdf. The aims of this study were to evaluate the construct validity known group, concurrent validity criterion based and testretest intrarater reliability of manual goniometers to measure passive hip range of motion rom in femoroacetabular impingement patients and. Thirty healthy subjects between the ages of 20 and 60 years were studied. Mike thomas, a goniometer can also measure progress in return of rangeofmotion during recovery. The standard goniometer was used to measure knee flexion followed by shadow goniometric measurement of knee. The use of goniometers to measure joint angles is a key part of musculoskeletal practice. Backgroundthe universal goniometer is a simple measuring tool.
Sixteen goniometric measurements were collected per patient by 2 physical therapists. The results of this study have clinical importance. Reliability and validity of measurement of infrasternal. Reliability of goniometric measurements and visual measurement of circumference of the knee with ordi estimates. It is therefore important that measurements are accurate. The iccs for intertester reliability of goniometric measurements of knee flexion in the three different positions were calculated by comparing the first and second goniometric measurements of each tester. It is recommended that the same therapist take all the measurements when assessing arom for ug and pg goniometric measurements on patients with knee restrictions. The validity of the lt has not been examined to the. A digital photographic technique for knee range of motion. Reliability of the activekneeextension and straightleg.
Sbi will have better validity, reliability, and intrarater reliability compared to the ug when measuring internal shoulder rotation. Participants were instructed to perform three maximal voluntary isometric contractions mvic s for five seconds on each device. Validity and reliability measurement of joint motion. Reliability of goniometric measurements and visual estimates of ankle joint active range of motion obtained in a clinical setting. Accuracy and reliability of knee goniometry methods ncbi. Therefore, a valid goniometric measurement is one that truly represents the actual joint angle. Objective measurements of rom and correct interpretation of the measurement results can have a substantial impact on the development of the scientific basis of therapeutic interventions. Measurement is obtained by positioning a virtual goniometer represented by two. The knee was then passively flexed by the therapist into full passive flexion, and the measurement was obtained while the patient held the knee in the position in which it was placed figure 4. Reliability and validity of current physical examination techniques of the foot and ankle.
One study investigated the validity of goniometric elbow measurements. Pdf the use of goniometers to measure joint angles is a key part of musculoskeletal practice. For goniometry to provide meaningful information, measurements must be valid. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. Validity validity is a measurement concept that asks whether a measurement system actually measures what its supposed to i. Joint position was quantified through goniometric measurement. There is some question as to whether or not the use of a goniometer is a sufficiently valid and reliable instrument to determine whether an intervention has been effective.
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